β£How can you classify C1 fractures?Levine and Edwards (same name as Hangman)A = posterior arch onlyB = unilateral lateral massC = Jefferson burst = fracture of both anterior and posterior archD = isolated anterior archβ£How does one determine stability of a C1 fracture?3 things = ADI, PADI, Rule of SpenceSum of lateral mass displacement on open mouth view > 8.1 = unstable = TAL ruptured [aka Rule of Spence] [6.9 without magnification]ADI > 5mmPADI < 14mmβ£What determines the need for surgical fixation in a C1 fracture?Stability of C1/C2 junction as determines by the integrity of the Transverse Ligamentβ£How do you treat a stable C1 #?Hard collarβ£How do you treat unstable C1 #?Posterior C1/2 fusionHalo vest